Abu Ghraib Probe Points to Top Brass "An Army investigation into the role of military intelligence personnel in the abuse at the Abu Ghraib prison reports that the scandal was not just caused by a small circle of rogue military police soldiers but resulted from failures of leadership rising to the highest levels of the U.S. command in Iraq, senior defense officials said. ...nearly 20 low-ranking soldiers ...could face criminal prosecution in military courts. No Army officers, however, are expected to face criminal charges. ... Army officials plan to recommend that [the cases of five civilian contractors] be sent to the Justice Department for possible prosecution in civilian courts. ...the abuse... became widely known after hundreds of photographs surfaced depicting detainees in mock sexual positions, in a naked human pyramid and being intimidated by unmuzzled dogs. While the Pentagon and the White House have consistently blamed the abuse on what they have called a rogue band of MPs acting on their own, officials said this new report spreads the blame and points to widespread problems at the prison. ... and were exacerbated by a lack of leadership. The lawyers have asserted that their clients were acting on orders...to abuse detainees. ...Concerns are also raised about the vague instructions from high-ranking officials ...which led military intelligence and military police soldiers to misapply them... the probe criticizes commanders for ...all but ignoring reports from the International Committee of the Red Cross detailing the abuse. The top command "shares responsibility for not ensuring proper leadership..." In the medical journal the Lancet, an American physician and bioethicist called for an investigation of the role medical personnel may have played in enabling and overlooking the abuse at Abu Ghraib. "...and failed to properly report injuries or deaths caused by beatings," Steven H. Miles of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Minnesota wrote... a physician permitted an untrained guard to stitch a cut on a prisoner's face; and that doctors "routinely attributed detainee deaths on death certificates to . . . natural causes" when the deaths were the result of torture... inadequate medical records on detainees and that monthly "health inspections," required by the Geneva Conventions, were not always done. ..."When the health professionals are either silent or actively complicit in these abuses, it sends a message to the detainees how utterly beyond human protection they are."
Abu Ghraib Doctors Knew of Torture, Says Lancet Report
John Carvel
The Guardian U.K.
Friday 20 August 2004
* Failure to maintain medical records, conduct routine medical examinations and provide proper care of disabled or injured detainees;
* Medical personnel and medical information were used to design and implement psychologically and physically coercive interrogations.
* Death certificates and medical records were falsified.
An example of the ethical failings of medical personnel came in November 2003 after Iraqi Major General Mowhoush's head was pushed into a sleeping bag while interrogators sat on his chest. Dr Miles said: "He died... Army investigations have looked at a small set of human rights abuses, but have not investigated reports from human rights organisations..."
Witness to Abuse Trying to Be Heard
Elizabeth Williamson
The Washington Post
Friday 20 August 2004
Interrogators responsible, ex-soldier says. Hagerstown, Md. - In his 33 years, Ken Davis has had two big chances to change history. The first was 10 years ago in the District, when a man standing next to him started shooting at the White House. The second was last year in Iraq, when he saw naked Iraqi prisoners on the floor, screaming. ...is trying to do now: persuade the Army that it was military intelligence and other intelligence operatives, not the seven soldiers charged, directing the abuse in Abu Ghraib prison. ...He agreed that the alleged abuses by his fellow soldiers, documented in sickening detail in hundreds of photos, were "morally wrong." He also conceded that his own state of mind became so twisted by the horrors of war that he, too, might have abused prisoners... a superior, Capt. Christopher Brinson, tells Graner: "You are doing a fine job..." ...Brinson's attorney, said his client, who is an aide to Rep. Mike Rogers (R-Ala.), has been ordered not to comment during the investigation. Davis isn't surprised. ...He said he started thinking that way Oct. 29, 1994, when he was with a buddy at the White House, on his first-ever trip to Washington. Francisco Duran, an angry Army veteran next to them, pulled an assault rifle out of his coat and started firing. Davis and another tourist tackled him. He joined the Army Reserve after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and arrived in Iraq last September, his knapsack filled with pocket Bibles and toys. His job was to transport dignitaries and prisoners, but the former Pentecostal minister pursued another mission, too. Photos show him holding a bedraggled girl; smiling with two boys holding the religious booklets he gave them. ...involuntarily switched out of his Reserve unit...Paperwork and inmates got lost. ...Intelligence personnel walked the halls in flip-flops and shorts, tape over their name tags, doing "basically whatever they wanted," Davis said. One warm night in late October, according to his statement to Army investigators, Davis went to find a fellow member of his unit on Tier 1A, a military intelligence holding area. Three prisoners were there, he said, with the military intelligence personnel and Graner. They ordered the prisoners to strip and cuffed them together in a sort of embrace. Then they made them crawl, their genitals dragging on the floor, holding them down with boots pressed against their backs. ... Davis went to his platoon leader, 1st Lt. Lewis Raeder. ... who has been admonished for not training his troops on the Geneva Conventions... Rick Hernandez, civilian attorney for Pfc. Lynndie England...believes that Davis's testimony would be valuable. But military prosecutors have said the focus should be on England, not on personnel who have not been charged. "They're still trying to portray the accused as rogue soldiers acting on their own," Hernandez said. On Nov. 8, the day photos were taken showing Graner standing over a pyramid of naked Iraqis, Davis's convoy hit a roadside bomb. He never was able to check, but he said he thinks the Iraqi who died was one of those he'd seen on the floor. "I shut down," he said. "I hated everything. It became real to me that they're trying to kill me." In that state of mind, he acknowledged, if he'd had the opportunity to abuse prisoners, "I cannot guarantee what I would have done." Two days later, Davis's superiors recommended him for an Army Commendation Medal. "Sgt. Davis' courage, selfless service and dedication to duty . . . bring great credit upon himself, his unit and the United States Army," the citation reads. In December, Davis's father had a heart attack, and he flew home. After a checkup for a prior groin surgery, a doctor denied his request to return to Iraq, pending a decision by an Army medical board. From February until he left the military last month, he worked at Fort Lee, Va., as an aide to higher-ups. Last month, according to his personnel records, he received a disability discharge. ... Davis said that Hunter, whose son is a Marine serving in Iraq, told him he understood what he'd been through. "No, you don't," Davis said. Hunter, Stavenas said, advised Davis "to seek counseling and comfort with his church group."
The most bizarre sentence of all may be the one that seems to equate allowing an untrained guard to stitch a cut with torturing prisoners to death, or perhaps: "Paperwork and inmates got lost." One warm night in late October, this individual says he wandered into the interrogation room to see, who else, Graner. Small world in which Pentecostal ministers get in the national papers twice for national security matters, once for unarmed wrestling a White House sniper to the ground, and once for doing, what, I don't know, you tell me, at Abu Ghraib prison and complaining unheeded about the scapegoating of seven enlisted men. Hundreds of photos? At the very least, the consumption of film should have tipped someone off, and yet all I hear is about the same three pictures of somebody's idea of fun, the naked prisoner pyramid, etc. So far no torturing prisoners to death or losing them along with their paperwork. Nobody still remarks the, at the very least, psychological implications of compulsion to photograph sexually humiliated prisoners of war as a symptom of post-traumatic stress. This person Davis is quoted twice as suggesting he might have done the same under those stressful conditions. Oh really? Not me. Sorry. Nor anyone I know would be driven by stress to lead naked men around on a leash, much less take hundreds of photos of the act. How 'bout you? How about stabbing your spouse to death multiple times like five soldiers all from Ft. Bragg Delta Force decided to do in a single month. This compulsive photography is clearly a symptom of a complex, as some rogue British prison guards did precisely the same thing in Basra, and something similar seems to have taken place in Cuba. Am I the only one who remembers the Village Voice article about a "conscience pill" designed to deaden the conscience of post traumatic stress victims. Aren't these soldiers acting a little wacko like they're on some kind of drug? Wasn't Rumsfeld CEO of Searl? Anyway, interesting career this Davis had. After man of the cloth and White House hero, witness to the conversations and deeds of intelligence officers involved in smothering a Maj. General to death during interrogation, then "not allowed" to return to Iraq for medical reasons, taking a job with "higher-ups" in Virgina, and getting a disability pension as well as a special commendation, unusual treatment for a whistle blower these days (it's usually a book contract). But to his attempts to bring these war crimes, from murder to walking in the halls in your flip flops, to the responsible authorities, he only got the typical advice to "seek counseling and comfort with his church group." Yes, it was a failure of leadership all around, a new term to go with the failures of intelligence and imagination already identified as culprits. This one failed to give lectures to his men on the Geneva Conventions, these failed to order the Maj General's head removed from the pillow case in time to save his life. Thank God people like Davis always seem to be standing right next to you in the crowd when you need them.